Scottish Rugby's Chief Executive Gordon McKie said: "We are pleased to confirm Todd's interim appointment so soon after Frank Hadden taking up the national coaching role.
"Further more, Todd's wide rugby experience and first hand knowledge of the Gunners' set-up will allow a seamless handover to take place and thus enable him to build upon Frank's legacy and take the team forward from here," he added.
Blackadder said: "I'm obviously delighted and really looking forward to taking the Edinburgh Gunners on from here. We have great staff and excellent players and I am excited by the challenges ahead."